/*
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2022 Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
 *
 * This file is part of Orfeo Toolbox
 *
 *     https://www.orfeo-toolbox.org/
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef otbNormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter_hxx
#define otbNormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter_hxx

#include "otbNormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter.h"
#include "itkImageRegionIterator.h"
#include "itkProgressReporter.h"
#include "itkNumericTraits.h"

namespace otb
{

/**
 * Constructor
 */
template <class TInputImage, class TOutputImage>
NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter()
{
  this->SetNumberOfRequiredInputs(1);
  this->SetNumberOfRequiredOutputs(1);
  this->InPlaceOff();

  m_UseUnbiasedEstimator = true;
}

/**
 * GenerateOutputInformation
 */
template <class TInputImage, class TOutputImage>
void NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::GenerateOutputInformation(void)
{
  Superclass::GenerateOutputInformation();
}

/**
 * BeforeThreadedGenerateData Performs the pixel-wise addition
 */
template <class TInputImage, class TOutputImage>
void NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::BeforeThreadedGenerateData()
{
  StreamingStatisticsVectorImageFilterPointer stats = StreamingStatisticsVectorImageFilterType::New();
  stats->SetInput(const_cast<InputImageType*>(this->GetInput()));
  // set the normalization method to compute covariance to the StreamingStatisticsVectorImage filter
  stats->SetUseUnbiasedEstimator(m_UseUnbiasedEstimator);

  stats->Update();

  RealPixelType means = stats->GetMean();
  MatrixType    cov   = stats->GetCovariance();
  double NbPixels = static_cast<double>(this->GetInput()->GetLargestPossibleRegion().GetSize()[0] * this->GetInput()->GetLargestPossibleRegion().GetSize()[1]);
  if ((cov.Rows() != means.Size()) || (cov.Cols() != means.Size()))
  {
    itkExceptionMacro(<< "Covariance matrix with size (" << cov.Rows() << "," << cov.Cols() << ") is incompatible with mean vector with size" << means.Size());
  }
  m_CoefNorm.SetSize(means.Size());
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_CoefNorm.Size(); ++i)
  {
    m_CoefNorm[i] = (1. / std::sqrt(NbPixels * (cov[i][i] + means[i] * means[i])));
  }
}
/**
 * ThreadedGenerateData Performs the pixel-wise addition
 */
template <class TInputImage, class TOutputImage>
void NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::ThreadedGenerateData(const OutputImageRegionType& outputRegionForThread,
                                                                                          itk::ThreadIdType threadId)
{
  typename Superclass::OutputImagePointer     outputPtr = this->GetOutput();
  typename Superclass::InputImageConstPointer inputPtr  = this->GetInput();

  // Define the iterators
  itk::ImageRegionConstIterator<InputImageType> inputIt(inputPtr, outputRegionForThread);
  itk::ImageRegionIterator<OutputImageType>     outputIt(outputPtr, outputRegionForThread);

  itk::ProgressReporter progress(this, threadId, outputRegionForThread.GetNumberOfPixels());

  inputIt.GoToBegin();
  outputIt.GoToBegin();

  // Null pixel construction
  InputPixelType nullPixel;
  nullPixel.SetSize(inputPtr->GetNumberOfComponentsPerPixel());
  nullPixel.Fill(itk::NumericTraits<OutputInternalPixelType>::Zero);
  while (!inputIt.IsAtEnd())
  {
    InputPixelType  inPixel = inputIt.Get();
    OutputPixelType outPixel;
    outPixel.SetSize(inputPtr->GetNumberOfComponentsPerPixel());
    outPixel.Fill(itk::NumericTraits<OutputInternalPixelType>::Zero);
    // outPixel = m_Means * inPixel;
    for (unsigned int j = 0; j < inputPtr->GetNumberOfComponentsPerPixel(); ++j)
    {
      outPixel[j] = static_cast<OutputInternalPixelType>(m_CoefNorm[j] * static_cast<double>(inPixel[j]));
    }

    outputIt.Set(outPixel);
    ++inputIt;
    ++outputIt;
    progress.CompletedPixel(); // potential exception thrown here
  }
}

template <class TInputImage, class TOutputImage>
void NormalizeInnerProductPCAImageFilter<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::PrintSelf(std::ostream& os, itk::Indent indent) const
{
  this->Superclass::PrintSelf(os, indent);
}

} // end namespace otb

#endif
