Interface(3)

NAME
IO::Interface - Perl extension for access to network card configuration information

SYNOPSIS
 # ======================
 # the new, preferred API
 # ======================

 use IO::Interface::Simple;

 my $if1   = IO::Interface::Simple->new('eth0');
 my $if2   = IO::Interface::Simple->new_from_address('127.0.0.1');
 my $if3   = IO::Interface::Simple->new_from_index(1);

 my @interfaces = IO::Interface::Simple->interfaces;

 for my $if (@interfaces) {
    print "interface = $if\n";
    print "addr =      ",$if->address,"\n",
          "broadcast = ",$if->broadcast,"\n",
          "netmask =   ",$if->netmask,"\n",
          "dstaddr =   ",$if->dstaddr,"\n",
          "hwaddr =    ",$if->hwaddr,"\n",
          "mtu =       ",$if->mtu,"\n",
          "metric =    ",$if->metric,"\n",
          "index =     ",$if->index,"\n";

    print "is running\n"     if $if->is_running;
    print "is broadcast\n"   if $if->is_broadcast;
    print "is p-to-p\n"      if $if->is_pt2pt;
    print "is loopback\n"    if $if->is_loopback;
    print "is promiscuous\n" if $if->is_promiscuous;
    print "is multicast\n"   if $if->is_multicast;
    print "is notrailers\n"  if $if->is_notrailers;
    print "is noarp\n"       if $if->is_noarp;
  }

  # ===========
  # the old API
  # ===========

  use IO::Socket;
  use IO::Interface qw(:flags);

  my $s = IO::Socket::INET->new(Proto => 'udp');
  my @interfaces = $s->if_list;

  for my $if (@interfaces) {
    print "interface = $if\n";
    my $flags = $s->if_flags($if);
    print "addr =      ",$s->if_addr($if),"\n",
          "broadcast = ",$s->if_broadcast($if),"\n",
          "netmask =   ",$s->if_netmask($if),"\n",
          "dstaddr =   ",$s->if_dstaddr($if),"\n",
          "hwaddr =    ",$s->if_hwaddr($if),"\n";

    print "is running\n"     if $flags & IFF_RUNNING;
    print "is broadcast\n"   if $flags & IFF_BROADCAST;
    print "is p-to-p\n"      if $flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT;
    print "is loopback\n"    if $flags & IFF_LOOPBACK;
    print "is promiscuous\n" if $flags & IFF_PROMISC;
    print "is multicast\n"   if $flags & IFF_MULTICAST;
    print "is notrailers\n"  if $flags & IFF_NOTRAILERS;
    print "is noarp\n"       if $flags & IFF_NOARP;
  }

  my $interface = $s->addr_to_interface('127.0.0.1');

DESCRIPTION
IO::Interface adds methods to IO::Socket objects that allows them to be used to retrieve and change information about the network interfaces on your system. In addition to the object-oriented access methods, you can use a function-oriented style.

THIS API IS DEPRECATED. Please see IO::Interface::Simple for the preferred way to get and set interface configuration information.

  Creating a Socket to Access Interface Information
You must create a socket before you can access interface information. The socket does not have to be connected to a remote site, or even used for communication. The simplest procedure is to create a UDP protocol socket:

  my $s = IO::Socket::INET->new(Proto => 'udp');

The various IO::Interface functions will now be available as methods on this socket.

  Methods

@iflist = $s->if_list
    The if_list() method will return a list of active interface names, for example "eth0" or "tu0". If no interfaces are configured and running, returns an empty list.

$addr = $s->if_addr($ifname [,$newaddr])
    if_addr() gets or sets the interface address. Call with the interface name to retrieve the address (in dotted decimal format). Call with a new address to set the interface. In the latter case, the routine will return a true value if the operation was successful.

      my $oldaddr = $s->if_addr('eth0');
      $s->if_addr('eth0','192.168.8.10') || die "couldn't set address: $!";

    Special case: the address of the pseudo-device "any" will return the IP address "0.0.0.0", which corresponds to the INADDR_ANY constant.

$broadcast = $s->if_broadcast($ifname [,$newbroadcast]
    Get or set the interface broadcast address. If the interface does not have a broadcast address, returns undef.

$mask = $s->if_netmask($ifname [,$newmask])
    Get or set the interface netmask.

$dstaddr = $s->if_dstaddr($ifname [,$newdest])
    Get or set the destination address for point-to-point interfaces.

$hwaddr = $s->if_hwaddr($ifname [,$newhwaddr])
    Get or set the hardware address for the interface. Currently only ethernet addresses in the form "00:60:2D:2D:51:70" are accepted.

$flags = $s->if_flags($ifname [,$newflags])
    Get or set the flags for the interface. The flags are a bitmask formed from a series of constants. See "Exportable constants" below.

$ifname = $s->addr_to_interface($ifaddr)
    Given an interface address in dotted form, returns the name of the interface associated with it. Special case: the INADDR_ANY address, 0.0.0.0 will return a pseudo-interface name of "any".

  EXPORT
IO::Interface exports nothing by default. However, you can import the following symbol groups into your namespace:

  :functions   Function-oriented interface (see below)
  :flags       Flag constants (see below)
  :all         All of the above

  Function-Oriented Interface
By importing the ":functions" set, you can access IO::Interface in a function-oriented manner. This imports all the methods described above into your namespace. Example:

  use IO::Socket;
  use IO::Interface ':functions';

  my $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(Proto=>'udp');
  my @interfaces = if_list($sock);
  print "address = ",if_addr($sock,$interfaces[0]);

  Exportable constants
The ":flags" constant imports the following constants for use with the flags returned by if_flags():

  IFF_ALLMULTI
  IFF_AUTOMEDIA
  IFF_BROADCAST
  IFF_DEBUG
  IFF_LOOPBACK
  IFF_MASTER
  IFF_MULTICAST
  IFF_NOARP
  IFF_NOTRAILERS
  IFF_POINTOPOINT
  IFF_PORTSEL
  IFF_PROMISC
  IFF_RUNNING
  IFF_SLAVE
  IFF_UP

This example determines whether interface 'tu0' supports multicasting:

  use IO::Socket;
  use IO::Interface ':flags';
  my $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(Proto=>'udp');
  print "can multicast!\n" if $sock->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST.

AUTHOR
Lincoln Stein <lstein@cshl.org>

This module is distributed under the same license as Perl itself.

SEE ALSO
perl(1), IO::Socket(3), IO::Multicast(3), IO::Interface::Simple