TRANSPOSE

Syntax: | `vout = <−v`

The transpose operator, `<−`, is a unary operator that produces the transpose of a matrix, that is, the rows and columns are interchanged.

Suppose the matrix `M` has M rows and N columns. Then `<-M` has N rows and M columns, where `(<-M)[i,j] = M[j,i]` for `i = 1,2,...,N` and `j = 1,2,...,M`.

Example

Let

         |  1  2  3 |
     M = |  4  5  6 |
         |  7  8  9 |
         | 10 11 12 |

then

           |  1  4  7 10 |
     <-M = |  2  5  8 11 |
           |  3  6  9 12 |