<?php
/**
 * Zend Framework
 *
 * LICENSE
 *
 * This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled
 * with this package in the file LICENSE.txt.
 * It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL:
 * http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd
 * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to
 * obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email
 * to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
 *
 * @category   Zend
 * @package    Zend_Rest
 * @subpackage Server
 * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2005-2015 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com)
 * @license    http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd     New BSD License
 * @version    $Id$
 */

/**
 * @see Zend_Server_Interface
 */

/**
 * @see Zend_Server_Reflection
 */

/**
 * @see Zend_Server_Abstract
 */

/**
 * @category   Zend
 * @package    Zend_Rest
 * @subpackage Server
 * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2005-2015 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com)
 * @license    http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd     New BSD License
 */
class Zend_Rest_Server implements Zend_Server_Interface
{
    /**
     * Class Constructor Args
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_args = array();

    /**
     * @var string Encoding
     */
    protected $_encoding = 'UTF-8';

    /**
     * @var array An array of Zend_Server_Reflect_Method
     */
    protected $_functions = array();

    /**
     * @var array Array of headers to send
     */
    protected $_headers = array();

    /**
     * @var array PHP's Magic Methods, these are ignored
     */
    protected static $magicMethods = array(
        '__construct',
        '__destruct',
        '__get',
        '__set',
        '__call',
        '__sleep',
        '__wakeup',
        '__isset',
        '__unset',
        '__tostring',
        '__clone',
        '__set_state',
    );

    /**
     * @var string Current Method
     */
    protected $_method;

    /**
     * @var Zend_Server_Reflection
     */
    protected $_reflection = null;

    /**
     * Whether or not {@link handle()} should send output or return the response.
     * @var boolean Defaults to false
     */
    protected $_returnResponse = false;

    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        set_exception_handler(array($this, "fault"));
        $this->_reflection = new Zend_Server_Reflection();
    }

    /**
     * Set XML encoding
     *
     * @param  string $encoding
     * @return Zend_Rest_Server
     */
    public function setEncoding($encoding)
    {
        $this->_encoding = (string) $encoding;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get XML encoding
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getEncoding()
    {
        return $this->_encoding;
    }

    /**
     * Lowercase a string
     *
     * Lowercase's a string by reference
     *
     * @param string $value
     * @param string $key
     * @return string Lower cased string
     */
    public static function lowerCase(&$value, &$key)
    {
        return $value = strtolower($value);
    }

    /**
     * Whether or not to return a response
     *
     * If called without arguments, returns the value of the flag. If called
     * with an argument, sets the flag.
     *
     * When 'return response' is true, {@link handle()} will not send output,
     * but will instead return the response from the dispatched function/method.
     *
     * @param boolean $flag
     * @return boolean|Zend_Rest_Server Returns Zend_Rest_Server when used to set the flag; returns boolean flag value otherwise.
     */
    public function returnResponse($flag = null)
    {
        if (null === $flag) {
            return $this->_returnResponse;
        }

        $this->_returnResponse = ($flag) ? true : false;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::handle()
     *
     * @param  array $request
     * @throws Zend_Rest_Server_Exception
     * @return string|void
     */
    public function handle($request = false)
    {
        $this->_headers = array('Content-Type: text/xml');
        if (!$request) {
            $request = $_REQUEST;
        }
        if (isset($request['method'])) {
            $this->_method = $request['method'];
            if (isset($this->_functions[$this->_method])) {
                if ($this->_functions[$this->_method] instanceof
                    Zend_Server_Reflection_Function
                    || $this->_functions[$this->_method] instanceof
                       Zend_Server_Reflection_Method
                       && $this->_functions[$this->_method]->isPublic()
                ) {
                    $requestKeys = array_keys($request);
                    array_walk($requestKeys, array(__CLASS__, "lowerCase"));
                    $request = array_combine($requestKeys, $request);

                    $funcArgs = $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getParameters();

                    // calling_args will be a zero-based array of the parameters
                    $callingArgs = array();
                    $missingArgs = array();
                    foreach ($funcArgs as $i => $arg) {
                        if (isset($request[strtolower($arg->getName())])) {
                            $callingArgs[$i] = $request[strtolower($arg->getName())];
                        } elseif ($arg->isOptional()) {
                            $callingArgs[$i] = $arg->getDefaultValue();
                        } else {
                            $missingArgs[] = $arg->getName();
                        }
                    }

                    $anonymousArgs = array();
                    foreach ($request as $key => $value) {
                        if (substr($key, 0, 3) == 'arg') {
                            $key = str_replace('arg', '', $key);
                            $anonymousArgs[$key] = $value;
                            if (($index = array_search($key, $missingArgs)) !== false) {
                                unset($missingArgs[$index]);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // re-key the $anonymousArgs to be zero-based, and add in
                    // any values already set in calling_args (optional defaults)
                    ksort($anonymousArgs);
                    $callingArgs = array_values($anonymousArgs) + $callingArgs;

                    // Sort arguments by key -- @see ZF-2279
                    ksort($callingArgs);

                    $result = false;
                    if (count($callingArgs) < count($funcArgs)) {
                        $result = $this->fault(
                            new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception(
                                'Invalid Method Call to ' . $this->_method
                                . '. Missing argument(s): ' . implode(
                                    ', ', $missingArgs
                                ) . '.'
                            ), 400
                        );
                    }

                    if (!$result && $this->_functions[$this->_method] instanceof
                                    Zend_Server_Reflection_Method
                    ) {
                        // Get class
                        $class = $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getDeclaringClass()->getName();

                        if ($this->_functions[$this->_method]->isStatic()) {
                            // for some reason, invokeArgs() does not work the same as
                            // invoke(), and expects the first argument to be an object.
                            // So, using a callback if the method is static.
                            $result = $this->_callStaticMethod(
                                $class,
                                $callingArgs
                            );
                        } else {
                            // Object method
                            $result = $this->_callObjectMethod(
                                $class,
                                $callingArgs
                            );
                        }
                    } elseif (!$result) {
                        try {
                            $result = call_user_func_array(
                                $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getName(),
                                $callingArgs
                            );
                        } catch (Exception $e) {
                            $result = $this->fault($e);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    $result = $this->fault(
                        new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception(
                            "Unknown Method '$this->_method'."
                        ),
                        404
                    );
                }
            } else {
                $result = $this->fault(
                    new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception(
                        "Unknown Method '$this->_method'."
                    ),
                    404
                );
            }
        } else {
            $result = $this->fault(
                new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception("No Method Specified."),
                404
            );
        }

        if ($result instanceof SimpleXMLElement) {
            $response = $result->asXML();
        } elseif ($result instanceof DOMDocument) {
            $response = $result->saveXML();
        } elseif ($result instanceof DOMNode) {
            $response = $result->ownerDocument->saveXML($result);
        } elseif (is_array($result) || is_object($result)) {
            $response = $this->_handleStruct($result);
        } else {
            $response = $this->_handleScalar($result);
        }

        if (!$this->returnResponse()) {
            if (!headers_sent()) {
                foreach ($this->_headers as $header) {
                    header($header);
                }
            }

            echo $response;
            return;
        }

        return $response;
     }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::setClass()
     *
     * @param string $classname Class name
     * @param string $namespace Class namespace (unused)
     * @param array $argv An array of Constructor Arguments
     */
    public function setClass($classname, $namespace = '', $argv = array())
    {
        $this->_args = $argv;
        foreach ($this->_reflection->reflectClass($classname, $argv)->getMethods() as $method) {
            $this->_functions[$method->getName()] = $method;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handle an array or object result
     *
     * @param array|object $struct Result Value
     * @return string XML Response
     */
    protected function _handleStruct($struct)
    {
        $function = $this->_functions[$this->_method];
        if ($function instanceof Zend_Server_Reflection_Method) {
            $class = $function->getDeclaringClass()->getName();
        } else {
            $class = false;
        }

        $method = $function->getName();

        $dom    = new DOMDocument('1.0', $this->getEncoding());
        if ($class) {
            $root   = $dom->createElement($class);
            $method = $dom->createElement($method);
            $root->appendChild($method);
        } else {
            $root   = $dom->createElement($method);
            $method = $root;
        }
        $root->setAttribute('generator', 'zend');
        $root->setAttribute('version', '1.0');
        $dom->appendChild($root);

        $this->_structValue($struct, $dom, $method);

        $struct = (array) $struct;
        if (!isset($struct['status'])) {
            $status = $dom->createElement('status', 'success');
            $method->appendChild($status);
        }

        return $dom->saveXML();
    }

    /**
     * Recursively iterate through a struct
     *
     * Recursively iterates through an associative array or object's properties
     * to build XML response.
     *
     * @param mixed $struct
     * @param DOMDocument $dom
     * @param DOMElement $parent
     * @return void
     */
    protected function _structValue(
        $struct, DOMDocument $dom, DOMElement $parent
    )
    {
        $struct = (array)$struct;

        foreach ($struct as $key => $value) {
            if ($value === false) {
                $value = 0;
            } elseif ($value === true) {
                $value = 1;
            }

            if (ctype_digit((string)$key)) {
                $key = 'key_' . $key;
            }

            if (is_array($value) || is_object($value)) {
                $element = $dom->createElement($key);
                $this->_structValue($value, $dom, $element);
            } else {
                $element = $dom->createElement($key);
                $element->appendChild($dom->createTextNode($value));
            }

            $parent->appendChild($element);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handle a single value
     *
     * @param string|int|boolean $value Result value
     * @return string XML Response
     */
    protected function _handleScalar($value)
    {
        $function = $this->_functions[$this->_method];
        if ($function instanceof Zend_Server_Reflection_Method) {
            $class = $function->getDeclaringClass()->getName();
        } else {
            $class = false;
        }

        $method = $function->getName();

        $dom = new DOMDocument('1.0', $this->getEncoding());
        if ($class) {
            $xml = $dom->createElement($class);
            $methodNode = $dom->createElement($method);
            $xml->appendChild($methodNode);
        } else {
            $xml = $dom->createElement($method);
            $methodNode = $xml;
        }
        $xml->setAttribute('generator', 'zend');
        $xml->setAttribute('version', '1.0');
        $dom->appendChild($xml);

        if ($value === false) {
            $value = 0;
        } elseif ($value === true) {
            $value = 1;
        }

        if (isset($value)) {
            $element = $dom->createElement('response');
            $element->appendChild($dom->createTextNode($value));
            $methodNode->appendChild($element);
        } else {
            $methodNode->appendChild($dom->createElement('response'));
        }

        $methodNode->appendChild($dom->createElement('status', 'success'));

        return $dom->saveXML();
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::fault()
     *
     * Creates XML error response, returning DOMDocument with response.
     *
     * @param string|Exception $fault Message
     * @param int $code Error Code
     * @return DOMDocument
     */
    public function fault($exception = null, $code = null)
    {
        if (isset($this->_functions[$this->_method])) {
            $function = $this->_functions[$this->_method];
        } elseif (isset($this->_method)) {
            $function = $this->_method;
        } else {
            $function = 'rest';
        }

        if ($function instanceof Zend_Server_Reflection_Method) {
            $class = $function->getDeclaringClass()->getName();
        } else {
            $class = false;
        }

        if ($function instanceof Zend_Server_Reflection_Function_Abstract) {
            $method = $function->getName();
        } else {
            $method = $function;
        }

        $dom = new DOMDocument('1.0', $this->getEncoding());
        if ($class) {
            $xml       = $dom->createElement($class);
            $xmlMethod = $dom->createElement($method);
            $xml->appendChild($xmlMethod);
        } else {
            $xml       = $dom->createElement($method);
            $xmlMethod = $xml;
        }
        $xml->setAttribute('generator', 'zend');
        $xml->setAttribute('version', '1.0');
        $dom->appendChild($xml);

        $xmlResponse = $dom->createElement('response');
        $xmlMethod->appendChild($xmlResponse);

        if ($exception instanceof Exception) {
            $element = $dom->createElement('message');
            $element->appendChild(
                $dom->createTextNode($exception->getMessage())
            );
            $xmlResponse->appendChild($element);
            $code = $exception->getCode();
        } elseif (($exception !== null) || 'rest' == $function) {
            $xmlResponse->appendChild(
                $dom->createElement(
                    'message', 'An unknown error occured. Please try again.'
                )
            );
        } else {
            $xmlResponse->appendChild(
                $dom->createElement(
                    'message', 'Call to ' . $method . ' failed.'
                )
            );
        }

        $xmlMethod->appendChild($xmlResponse);
        $xmlMethod->appendChild($dom->createElement('status', 'failed'));

        // Headers to send
        if ($code === null || (404 != $code)) {
            $this->_headers[] = 'HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request';
        } else {
            $this->_headers[] = 'HTTP/1.0 404 File Not Found';
        }

        return $dom;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve any HTTP extra headers set by the server
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getHeaders()
    {
        return $this->_headers;
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::addFunction()
     *
     * @param string $function Function Name
     * @param string $namespace Function namespace (unused)
     */
    public function addFunction($function, $namespace = '')
    {
        if (!is_array($function)) {
            $function = (array) $function;
        }

        foreach ($function as $func) {
            if (is_callable($func) && !in_array($func, self::$magicMethods)) {
                $this->_functions[$func] = $this->_reflection->reflectFunction($func);
            } else {
                throw new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception(
                    "Invalid Method Added to Service."
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::getFunctions()
     *
     * @return array An array of Zend_Server_Reflection_Method's
     */
    public function getFunctions()
    {
        return $this->_functions;
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::loadFunctions()
     *
     * @todo Implement
     * @param array $functions
     */
    public function loadFunctions($functions)
    {
    }

    /**
     * Implement Zend_Server_Interface::setPersistence()
     *
     * @todo Implement
     * @param int $mode
     */
    public function setPersistence($mode)
    {
    }

    /**
     * Call a static class method and return the result
     *
     * @param  string $class
     * @param  array $args
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function _callStaticMethod($class, array $args)
    {
        try {
            $result = call_user_func_array(
                array(
                    $class,
                    $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getName()
                ),
                $args
            );
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $result = $this->fault($e);
        }
        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Call an instance method of an object
     *
     * @param  string $class
     * @param  array $args
     * @return mixed
     * @throws Zend_Rest_Server_Exception For invalid class name
     */
    protected function _callObjectMethod($class, array $args)
    {
        try {
            if ($this->_functions[$this->_method]->getDeclaringClass()->getConstructor()) {
                $object = $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getDeclaringClass()->newInstanceArgs($this->_args);
            } else {
                $object = $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getDeclaringClass()->newInstance();
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new Zend_Rest_Server_Exception(
                'Error instantiating class ' . $class .
                ' to invoke method '
                . $this->_functions[$this->_method]->getName() .
                ' (' . $e->getMessage() . ') ',
                500,
                $e
            );
        }

        try {
            $result = $this->_functions[$this->_method]->invokeArgs(
                $object,
                $args
            );
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $result = $this->fault($e);
        }

        return $result;
    }
}
